Who We Are
Study Investigators
Dr. Naomi Nichele Duke, MD, PhD, MPH, is an Associate Professor. Working at the intersection of medicine, sociology, and population health, Dr. Duke brings a unique perspective to address social drivers in maternal and child health and adult chronic disease onset. A main area of interest is in understanding the implications of youth experiences of oppression and marginalization for perceptions of survival and future orientation, and relationships between these experiences and actual trajectories of health. Dr. Duke is an academic affiliate with four multidisciplinary research collaborations: the Duke University Population Research Institute, the Duke Center for Child & Family Policy, the Duke Children’s Health & Discovery Initiative, and the Duke Center for Childhood Obesity Research. Dr Duke’s medical specialties/subspecialities include Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, and Adolescent Medicine, medical specialties spanning the life course.
Why are you interested in this study/project?
My work focuses on advancing our understanding of how the social environment (beginning in childhood) affects health across the life course. I am interested in this study because of its commitment to engaging populations underrepresented in research. It will also link two generations of data, from parents and their children, create a resource that supports global study of factors that are most influential in slowing trajectories of poor health as people age.
How do you think this study can make things better for our communities?
At its heart, this study will significantly increase the diversity of participants represented among US-based aging studies. This data will advance our understanding of relationships between lived experiences, aging processes and the transmission of health across generations. Partnership with communities to translate results and identify advocacy opportunities will be a critical step in making this study relevant to families and communities.
What is your favorite part of working on this study?
I enjoy collaborating across disciplinary lines to design and carry out research projects that offer the opportunity to prioritize voices from people and communities who are often silenced and devalued.
Where do you call home?
Wherever my mother is, that is where I call home. I returned to NC in 2019, where my mother has lived since 1978. We, collectively, acknowledge our New York roots, of which we will always be proud!
Dr. Kathleen Mullan Harris served as Director and Principal Investigator of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) from 2004-2021 (Deputy Director 1999-2004). She is the James E. Haar Distinguished Professor of Sociology and Adjunct Professor of Public Policy at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Her research focuses on social inequality and health with particular interests in family, health disparities and life course and aging processes. Harris pioneered revolutions in research design, data collection, and data dissemination in Add Health by integrating social and biomedical sciences to understand how social experiences and environments influence health and well-being across the life course to inform policies to reduce health disparities and improve population health. She is an internationally recognized scholar who was awarded the Golden Goose Award from the US Congress for major breakthroughs in medicine, social behavior, and technological research.
Why are you interested in this project?
I have been involved in Add Health from its origins when we first interviewed adolescents and their parents in 1994 and 1995. During the 25 years that I directed the study, I always wanted to re-interview the parents of Add Health respondents because their life histories and experiences would tell us a lot about the lives and future well-being of their now adult children and grandchildren. The Add Health Parent Study is the first of its kind to collect this crucial data on family members from multiple generations over large periods of time and I am proud to have led the development of this study. Thanks to your participation, we can add to our knowledge of how to promote health and well-being within and across families in our communities!
How do you think this study can make things better for our community?
As we improve health and well-being within and across families, we improve the communities in which we live by reducing environmental risks and increasing access to health care, community resources, and quality of life for individuals and families.
What is your favorite part of working on this study?
That’s easy—the participants and their families in Add Health. Your family’s participation has not only expanded our knowledge about how to promote health across the generations, but it has enriched our lives as researchers by having the opportunity to learn from everyday people from all walks of life. Without you, none of this is possible.
Where do you call home?
I was raised in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania but have called North Carolina my home for more than 30 years!
Dr. V. Joseph Hotz is the Arts and Sciences Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Economics and Public Policy at Duke University and Research Professor in the Harris School of Public Policy at the University of Chicago. Hotz received his B.A. in Economics from the University of Notre Dame and Ph.D. in Economics from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Hotz is a founding Principal Investigator (with Dr. Harris) of the Add Health Parent Study and continues in this role.
Why are you interested in this study/project?
I have long been interested in families, including how parents help their children and grandchildren grow and develop, how younger generations help care for their elders, and the ways in which one’s family plays an important role in one’s life. However, little attention has been paid to understanding the role that families play when children become adults and most no longer reside with their parents. The Add Health Parent Study is designed to address these gaps in our knowledge and how families continue to affect the health, economic and social well-being of their members.
Over my career, I’ve been involved in studies of the links between the generations of the American family. More recently, I have examined how the COVID pandemic affected the well-being of America’s extended families, focusing on the extent to which each generation (parents and adult children) helped one another cope with the economic and health-related challenges of living through the pandemic. The data collected in the Add Health Parent Study will help better understand vital dimensions of families’ well-being.
How do you think this study can make things better for our communities?
Our understanding of the health and well-being of communities, whether at the national or more local levels, often are linked to one’s family. Knowing more about these linkages across generations of America’s families can help policymakers and health care providers improve their policies and service delivery. Data can help inform ways to improve health care and social programs that will foster better and healthier lives for all members of our communities, both young and old, and those facing various forms of disadvantage.
What is your favorite part of working on this study?
At this stage of my career, I greatly enjoy helping to foster the next generation of researchers studying. My hope is that research will inform public policy, advance our understanding of the roles that families play to advance the health and well-being of all Americans of all generations, and all racial and ethnic groups in the years to come.
Where do you call home?
While I currently live in Chicago, I have spent parts of my career in almost every region of the U.S. But, at heart, I am the product of a small town in the Midwest and the upbringing of an extended family that has shaped me in ways that I continue to draw upon as a father and as a grandparent.
A health economist and social demographer, Krista M. Perreira, Ph.D. is a Professor of Social Medicine as well as a faculty fellow in the Carolina Population Center. Her research focuses on the relationships among family, migration, and social policy, with an emphasis on improving health equity and eliminating racial, gender, and socio-economic disparities in health. As a result, she has served as an advisory committee member or on the board of directors for several task forces and non-profit organizations seeking to improve the provision of services to Hispanic/Latino/x populations, immigrants, and refugees in North Carolina.
Why are you interested in this project?
Demography is the study of population change, including births, deaths, migration, and health. I became a demographer because I wanted to understand these changes and to provide the evidence needed to improve the health and well-being of all residents of the U.S.
I’m excited about this study because it is committed to promoting health equity by ensuring that the experiences of Black/African American and Hispanic/Latino residents of the U.S. are represented. For the past 20 years, I’ve studied many aspects of Hispanic/Latino health including mental health, cardiovascular health, and access to health care services. Most recently, I’ve focused my research on promoting health equity for sexual and gender minority populations within the Latinx community.
How do you think this study can make things better for our community?
Research takes a long time, and it can be hard to directly link research to change in our communities. At the same time, research can be extremely powerful. Data make problems and potential solutions visible. When we do not collect data on particular populations, health challenges, or social problem, it makes them easy to ignore. The Parent Study will give visibility to a diversity of aging adults living throughout the U.S. and provide healthcare providers and community leaders with the information they need to advocate for change.
What is your favorite part of working on this study?
I enjoy the opportunities that our research gives us to connect with young scholars, healthcare leaders, and community advocates. I’m looking forward to seeing how they will use the Parent Study data to improve access to health care, the quality of health care provided, and the well-being of communities throughout the U.S.
Where do you call home?
I currently live in North Carolina, but I feel most at home when I am in Hawaii or Puerto Rico. I’m an island girl and the ocean is always calling me.
Acknowledgment
The Add Health Parent Study/Parents Phase 1 (2013-2018) data collection was funded by a grant from the National Institute on Aging (RO1AG042794) to Duke University, V. Joseph Hotz (PI) and the Carolina Population Center at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kathleen Mullan Harris (PI).
The Add Health Parent Study Phase 2 (2023-2028) was funded by a grant from the National Institute on Aging (R01AG084071) to the Carolina Population Center at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kathleen Mullan Harris (MPI) and Krista Perreira (MPI) and to Duke University, V. Joseph Hotz (MPI) and Naomi N. Duke (MPI).
Locating the Parents of Add Health R21AG042663 from NIA to Harris and Hotz.
Add Health Program Project P01HD31921; 1994-2021 to Harris from NICHD with cooperative funding from 23 other federal agencies and foundations.